Gregory C. Marshall, Naval Architect. LTD
Designing the Mechanical and Electrical Systems
















GCMNA has long experience designing mechanical and electrical systems. We use software as an accurate and complete tool to ensure that such parts as pipes, joints, valves, cabling and connectors are correctly chosen and fit precisely. Our 3-D schematics instruct yard staff on the exact placement sequence, thereby increasing the efficiency of the installation. Detailed drawings and instructions allow for the creation of a yacht that meets not only your exacting standards, but also those of classification societies and national maritime agencies.

Designing a yacht compares to crafting a large airplane. And nowhere is this truer than when we draw the mechanical and electrical systems. These systems are mostly hidden in the bowels and deckheads of your yacht, but are essential to the yacht's ability to operate and to your comfort.

Although some yards design their own mechanical/electrical systems, we believe that providing the complete production drawings improves installations, speeds up the process, cuts costs and offers better quality control. We provide 3-D drawings of all parts of the two systems, as well as exact sizing of all parts, the flow direction of all fluids, and installation flow charts.

Designing the mechanical/electrical systems system and their details requires deep engineering knowledge and attention to detail. It is an intricate, time-consuming but essential process. In another section of this website, "Creating a Register of Your Yacht's Specifications," we outlined the equipment and auxiliary parts to be installed in the yacht. Now, we explain how the mechanical systems are designed, followed by a description of the electrical systems.

Drawing the systems' piping
Much of the piping originates in the engine room and relates to propulsion. To make sure all pipes, hoses and other equipment are connected properly and their contents flow in the right direction, we prepare detailed drawings of:
  • Fuel service
  • Fuel pumping systems among tanks
  • Fuel polishing
  • Lubrication and waste oil
  • Fuel availability to generators
Another major piping system relates to water distribution. We prepare detailed drawings of:
  • Raw water cooling
  • Freshwater cooling
  • Hot and cold potable water
  • Water maker connections
  • Deck wash and anchor well wash systems
  • Scupper piping
  • Bilge and ballast water
  • Grey and black water and their treatment plants
  • Fire prevention sprinkler systems
We also design these specific piping/ducting systems:
  • Exhaust systems for the engines and generators
  • Engine room ventilation
  • Heating, air conditioning and air handling
  • Vacuum cleaning
  • Compressed air
The pipes, hoses and ducts must be correctly sized to allow continuous flows of fluids or air, and should be aligned in an orderly fashion, securely fixed in place, tagged and accessible. They should not interfere with each other, or propagate noise and vibration through the yacht. We design the systems to comply with classification society rules.

Preparing technical specifications and 3-D schematics
So that the boatyard can properly install the mechanical/electrical systems systems, the GCMNA team prepares a series of schematics. We specify all technical parts and the instructions to put them together. Our schematics are all supplied in 3-D imagery. So that the yard can order the right parts efficiently, we supply the following information:
  • A list of materials needed to install the mechanical systems, including machinery, valves, manifolds, filters, pipes and all the small connectors-elbows, tees, nipples, unions, and so on.
For efficient and timely mechanical installation, we can supply any level of complexity in our drawings. If we supply the dimensions, cut size and numbering of every pipe and part, the yard can order all materials at once, as well as assemble large portions of the mechanical system outside the yacht, which can save time. We pay close attention to distribution of all equipment to minimize the need for wiring and piping. Accessibility of all equipment for both installation and maintenance is also key. These are the drawings we prepare:
  • Schematics for the placement of engines, tanks, water treatment equipment and pumps
  • A schematic of all pipes that run through the yacht
  • Schematics of pipelines, valves, filters, manifolds, etc.
  • Drawings of where pipes pierce watertight bulkheads to assure structural integrity
  • Drawings for tankage, including mounting and fittings details
Designing the electrical network
Modern yachts literally require miles of wiring to operate not just lights but appliances, navigational equipment, entertainment systems and security. For efficiency, motor generators normally charge a large bank of batteries.

As the weight and size of generators and batteries seriously influence the yacht's overall displacement and its center of gravity, GCMNA designs the major portions of the electrical system early in the process. But the details are also extremely important. These aspects are part of the electrical system design:
  • Wiring and cabling for all standard electrical devices
  • Location and size of transformers
  • Location of shore-power plug ins
  • Locations and sizes of the circuit breaker panels
  • Locations and types of lighting
  • Wiring for appliances
  • Dedicated wiring for navigational/security/communications systems
  • Supplementary isolated batteries/wiring for emergency navigational use
  • Network wiring for entertainment systems
  • Wiring for security cameras
  • Wiring for auxiliary helm stations
  • Locations and wiring for all plugs
  • Locations and wiring for all light switches
  • Any additional wiring for such equipment as windlasses, horns, windshield wipers, and Jacuzzis.
GCMNA prepares all necessary diagrams for these electrical systems and specifies the best routing.

Designing the electronic networks
Today's ships electronics use complicated networks that must perform many integrative functions. Through our intensive and creative use of hardware and software, we have learned how to make electronic networks talk to each other. This is not just theoretical communication: we mock up the electronics, turn them on, test and run them.



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